Ancient Rome

Geography 

• Mediterranean Sea
• Italian Alps
• Rome
• Italian Peninsula
• Tiber River. 
• geographic location of ancient Rome contributed to its political and economic growth in the Mediterranean region and beyond. 

Political Structures

• class system of ancient Rome
• roles and rights
  • patricians
  • plebeians
  • enslaved people in Roman society. 
  • Characteristics of Julius Caesar’s rule, including his role as dictator for life. 
  • Influence of Augustus Caesar, including the establishment of the Roman Empire and its expansion during the Pax Romana. 

Economy

Cultural Structures 

• polytheistic religion of ancient Rome
• its connection to ancient Greek beliefs. 

 
Innovations 

• engineering
• architecture contributed to Roman expansion
• role of:
•      aqueducts
  • domes
  • arches
  • roads
  • bridges
  • sanitation. 

​Fall of the Western Roman Empire

• difficulty governing its large territory
• political
• military
• economic problems.